5 common e-commerce site mistakes

"Dynamic" pages are those with changing content processed in real time from application servers and other Web servers. Dynamic content often encompasses links to databases that aren't part of the Web site — for updates in news headlines, stock quotes and sports scores — or ad blocks in which advertiser messages revolve through each time a new user hits the site.

For the most part, dynamic content is trendy, popular and valued by most Web users. But too much of it on pages, or spread over too many pages, can slow your site down, unless you have some of the more sophisticated Web software used by larger Internet and e-commerce sites. Pages that take several seconds to load generally send users to other sites.

Melson argues that smaller e-commerce sites should confine their dynamic content to a certain number of pages, and make many or most of their Web pages "static," or without continuously changing content. And they should limit dynamic content to windows or certain portions of mostly static pages.

It is particularly important, he says, to keep your home page and many of your intro pages as static as possible. The deeper a user gets into your site, the more likely he or she is to tolerate pages taking longer to load (though some would even dispute this).

"It is really a design issue," he says. "It is easier for many businesses to make their Web pages dynamic. Most sites need dynamic pages. But there are performance issues with them. That's what Web operators need to keep in mind."
 

Most tech writers like me tell you to plan your site for peak traffic periods, especially those that occur in the last-minute buying frenzy before the December holidays.

Melson, however, says the term "concurrent" is frequently misunderstood by Web operators. It doesn't mean number of customers overall, or even site traffic in a day, but rather the number of users converging on a site simultaneously. Too often, he says, Web operators pay thousands of dollars more for server space and related software because they have been too generous in their estimates on concurrent traffic.

"If you aim high and have an unlimited hardware budget, it's not going to be a big deal. But if you don't have an unlimited budget, my advice is to think realistically about the number of people you will have using the site at any one time."

Alexis Gutzman, an e-business author and consultant, cautions that spikes do occur for many e-tailers around Dec. 12 or so (one of the last days you can ship packages long distances to arrive before Dec. 25). "In my experience, many people don't overestimate. They fail to plan for the peak," she says.

When performance bottlenecks occur, many Web operators quickly conclude it's a hardware problem — and rush to buy a new server or two to add more capacity. That's often a mistake, Melson says.

"In our experience, about 70% of the time it's a software issue and 30% of the time it's a hardware problem. But instead of thinking about how they can fix or redesign their software, they throw more hardware at it."

It may be a case of simply rewriting the software or adding new application software, he says. Perhaps they need to buy more memory for their database server, rather than buying a new server. Often the software solution is cheaper and quicker to implement, he says (although hardware currently is as cheap as it has been in some time).

The difficulty here, Melson acknowledges, is that small businesses don't have information technology (IT) staffs or the time and money to diagnose infrastructure problems and/or rewrite software. Most businesses should have an IT consultant or trusted value-added reseller (VAR) to advise them, however.
 

If you had to choose one browser to support, it would be Microsoft Internet Explorer, the dominant browser with more than 80% of the market.

"But what about the Apple Macintosh customer — do you want to turn him away?" Melson asks. "How about the Netscape user?"

If not, you need to test your site and system with the other browsers. Some tweaking of the user interface is likely to ensure tables, charts, graphics and functionality work well on the different browsers.

"Often these are very simple or minor fixes. You might need to only change some colors, or add new elements. If you don't ever look at your site on other Web browsers, you won't ever know that you need to fix it," he says.

Supporting more than a single browser is more important for an online retailer than a B2B company, Melson says, because a retailer's customers are more random. But if you don't feel it is important, he says, you should put a disclaimer on your site noting that it supports — or works best with — only one particular browser.
 

"Usability" is now more than a buzzword. It has emerged as a significant metric for how Web sites are viewed today. Usability surveys, usability tests, usability scores and usability focus groups are all part of the research and development of most large Web sites.

Melson's finding is that many smaller e-commerce operators don't get usability feedback from anyone beyond those on their development team. But those developers and others are too close to the process and biased toward the chosen design and infrastructure. "You get used to your site and used to any foibles."

For small businesses, organizing a focus group to evaluate your Web site is beyond your time and resources. But getting some sort of outside perspective — be it employees not involved in the design, or your spouses or friends — is crucial to the site's development and performance. "You need to hear from people who aren't working on it."